{"id":20403,"date":"2026-07-10T14:42:38","date_gmt":"2026-07-10T13:42:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/travelsmartcampaign.org\/?post_type=library&p=20403"},"modified":"2026-07-10T14:44:06","modified_gmt":"2026-07-10T13:44:06","slug":"more-air-tourism-fuels-a-severe-housing-crisis-in-europe","status":"publish","type":"library","link":"https:\/\/travelsmartcampaign.org\/fr\/library\/more-air-tourism-fuels-a-severe-housing-crisis-in-europe\/","title":{"rendered":"L'essor du tourisme a\u00e9rien aggrave la grave crise du logement en Europe"},"content":{"rendered":"

Personne ne souhaite voir son loyer augmenter, encore moins \u00e0 cause d'un afflux d'avions. Et pourtant, c'est ce qui se passe depuis des ann\u00e9es d\u00e9j\u00e0. A <\/span>nouvelle \u00e9tude<\/span><\/a> par le <\/span>New Economics Foundation<\/span><\/a>, command\u00e9e par <\/span>T&E<\/span><\/a>, constate que la croissance du tourisme, tir\u00e9e par le transport a\u00e9rien, aggrave la crise du logement dans toute l'Europe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les pays les plus touch\u00e9s sont l'Espagne, le Portugal, l'Italie, la Gr\u00e8ce et l'Irlande, o\u00f9 les loyers annuels moyens devraient augmenter jusqu'\u00e0 250 \u20ac par an au cours des cinq prochaines ann\u00e9es. Les revenus ne parviennent pas \u00e0 suivre le rythme de cette flamb\u00e9e des loyers, ce qui fait que ce sont finalement les m\u00e9nages aux faibles revenus qui paient le prix fort de la croissance du tourisme.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Et malgr\u00e9 la contestation croissante de ces communaut\u00e9s locales face au surtourisme, les pouvoirs publics pr\u00e9voient toujours de poursuivre l'extension des a\u00e9roports afin d'attirer encore plus de visiteurs. Par exemple, <\/span>L'Espagne s'est engag\u00e9e \u00e0 verser 12,9 milliards d'euros<\/span><\/a> en faveur des investissements a\u00e9roportuaires, notamment l'extension des a\u00e9roports de Barcelone et de Madrid. Ath\u00e8nes met actuellement en place un <\/span>Extension de 1,3 milliard d'euros<\/span><\/a> afin d'augmenter la capacit\u00e9 annuelle d'accueil de passagers de 25%, tandis que les travaux d'agrandissement des terminaux battent leur plein \u00e0 Lisbonne.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Le probl\u00e8me, c'est que la plupart des analyses \u00e9conomiques men\u00e9es dans le secteur a\u00e9rien ignorent totalement la face cach\u00e9e de la croissance. Elles ne tiennent pas compte de la mani\u00e8re dont l'essor du tourisme a\u00e9rien fait grimper les loyers et aggrave la crise du logement, entre autres probl\u00e8mes locaux majeurs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si vous travaillez dans le secteur du tourisme, cette croissance ne se traduit pas toujours par de meilleurs salaires ; au contraire, vous vous retrouvez souvent confront\u00e9s \u00e0 des r\u00e9mun\u00e9rations parmi les plus basses, alors que le co\u00fbt de la vie et les loyers montent en fl\u00e8che. Dans le secteur de l'h\u00e9bergement, une grande partie des d\u00e9penses touristiques revient aux grandes cha\u00eenes h\u00f4teli\u00e8res, et non aux entreprises locales. Et pour aggraver encore la situation, les investisseurs injectent des fonds dans l'immobilier au lieu de financer des secteurs innovants comme les technologies, ou les v\u00e9hicules et trains \u00e9lectriques, qui sont essentiels \u00e0 la transition vers les \u00e9nergies propres.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cela soul\u00e8ve une question fondamentale sur la mani\u00e8re dont nous choisissons de passer nos vacances : Est-il vraiment n\u00e9cessaire de prendre l'avion pour visiter des destinations europ\u00e9ennes qui croulent d\u00e9j\u00e0 sous le poids du surtourisme ?\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bon nombre des liaisons europ\u00e9ennes \u00e0 courte distance les plus polluantes disposent en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 d\u2019alternatives ferroviaires de moins de huit heures. Par exemple, un trajet de Paris \u00e0 Barcelone prend moins de sept heures, et celui de Milan \u00e0 Paris peut \u00eatre effectu\u00e9 en \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s le m\u00eame temps. Privil\u00e9gier le train \u00e0 l'avion ne se limite pas \u00e0 r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement les \u00e9missions : cela permet \u00e9galement de d\u00e9couvrir des destinations moins connues situ\u00e9es le long du trajet. En voyageant par voie terrestre, nous pouvons naturellement r\u00e9partir le flux touristique et soulager la pression qui p\u00e8se sur les centres-villes satur\u00e9s.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

En effet, la concentration des nuit\u00e9es touristiques est nettement plus importante dans les trois premi\u00e8res r\u00e9gions les plus visit\u00e9es par les touristes \u00e9trangers (qui voyagent majoritairement en avion) que par les r\u00e9sidents nationaux (qui voyagent majoritairement par voie terrestre). Par exemple, en Autriche, les visiteurs \u00e9trangers concentrent 74% de leurs nuit\u00e9es dans les trois r\u00e9gions les plus visit\u00e9es, tandis que les voyageurs nationaux n\u2019y consacrent que 48% des leurs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pour r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions et innover en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9placements utiles, il faut mettre en \u0153uvre des mesures cibl\u00e9es : r\u00e9duire les vols en classe sup\u00e9rieure, les vols long-courriers et les vols fr\u00e9quents, tout en favorisant au maximum les trajets en train en choisissant des destinations plus proches. Il est donc essentiel de repenser les d\u00e9placements afin de privil\u00e9gier la qualit\u00e9 plut\u00f4t que la quantit\u00e9, ainsi que la connectivit\u00e9 durable et la productivit\u00e9, pour ouvrir la voie \u00e0 la mobilit\u00e9 de demain.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aiza Rodrigues Akhtar, charg\u00e9e de campagne aviation\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Privil\u00e9gier les destinations proches en train est essentiel pour l'avenir des voyages d'agr\u00e9ment. <\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":20408,"template":"","topic":[199,165,265],"visibility":[],"post-country":[197],"language":[27],"category-post-type":[43],"class_list":["post-20403","library","type-library","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","topic-air-travel","topic-rail","topic-tourism","post-country-europe","language-english","category-post-type-opinion"],"yoast_head":"\nMore air tourism fuels a severe housing crisis in Europe - Travel Smart Campaign<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/travelsmartcampaign.org\/fr\/bibliotheque\/more-air-tourism-fuels-a-severe-housing-crisis-in-europe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"More air tourism fuels a severe housing crisis in Europe - 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